Muslim Reformists, Female Citizenship and the Public Accommodation of Islam in Liberal Democracy
In a trilogy of cases involving Muslim claimants, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), has granted state parties to the European Convention on Human Rights scope to regulate public manifestations of Islam. The ECHR has justified its decisions in these cases on the grounds that Islamic symbols, such as the
hijab, or Muslim commitments to the
shari‘a - Islamic law - are inconsistent with the democratic order of Europe. In this article by the
University of Toronto, Faculty of Law, Mohammad Fadel raises the question of what kinds of commitments to gender equality and democratic decision-making are sufficient for a democratic order, and whether modern Islamic teachings constitute a satisfactory normative commitment in this regard.
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